Kufotokozera kwa API 5L 46th Edition kwa Line Pipe Scope

API 5L 46th Edition Kufotokozera kwa Line Pipe Scope Chithunzi Chowonetsedwa

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

Ananenanso kupanga milingo iwiri yazinthu (PSL1 ndi PSL2) ya chitoliro chopanda msoko ndi chowotcherera chachitsulo chogwiritsa ntchito payipi ponyamula mafuta ndi gasi.Kuti mugwiritse ntchito mu pulogalamu ya Sour service tchulani Annex H ndi ntchito zam'mphepete mwa nyanja onani Annex J ya API5L 45th.

Titumizireni imelo

Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda

Zolemba Zamalonda

Mkhalidwe Wotumizira

PSL	Mkhalidwe Wotumizira	Chitoliro cha chitoliro
PSL1	Monga adagulung'undisa, normalized, normalizing anapanga	A
	Monga-yokulungidwa, normalizing yogudubuzika, thermomechanical rolling, thermo-mechanical kupanga, normalizing kupanga, normalized, normalized and tempered kapena ngati anavomereza Q&T SMLS kokha	B
	Monga-wodzigudubuza, normalizing anagulung'undisa, thermomechanical adagulung'undisa, thermo-machaniko kupanga, normalizing kupanga, normalized, normalized ndi kupsa mtima.	X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70
Chithunzi cha PSL2	Monga-wogudubuza	BR, X42R
	Normalizing adagulung'undisa, normalizing anapanga, normalized kapena normalized ndi mtima	BN, X42N, X46N, X52N, X56N, X60N
	Kuzimitsidwa ndi kupsya mtima	BQ, X42Q, X46Q, X56Q, X60Q, X65Q, X70Q, X80Q, X90Q, X100Q
	Thermomechanical adagulung'undisa kapena thermomechanical anapanga	BM, X42M, X46M, X56M, X60M, X65M, X70M, X80M
	Thermomechanical adagulung'undisa	X90M, X100M, X120M
	Kukwanira (R, N, Q kapena M) kwa magiredi a PSL2, ndi a kalasi yachitsulo

Kuyitanitsa Zambiri

Dongosolo logulira liphatikizira kuchuluka, mulingo wa PSL, mtundu kapena Giredi, kutchulidwa kwa API5L, m'mimba mwake, makulidwe a khoma, kutalika ndi zowonjezera zilizonse kapena zofunika zina zokhudzana ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, makina amakina, chithandizo cha kutentha, kuyesa kowonjezera, kupanga, zokutira pamwamba kapena mapeto mapeto.

Njira Yodziwika Yopangira Zinthu

Mtundu wa Chitoliro	Chithunzi cha PSL1			Chithunzi cha PSL2
Mtundu wa Chitoliro	Gulu A	Gulu B	X42 ku X70	B ku X80	X80 mpaka X100
SMLS	ü	ü	ü	ü	ü
LFW	ü	ü	ü
Mtengo wa HFW	ü	ü	ü	ü
LW			ü
Mtengo wa SAWL	ü	ü	ü	ü	ü
SAWH	ü	ü	ü	ü	ü
SMLS - Yopanda msoko, yopanda weld LFW - Chitoliro chocheperako chocheperako, <70 kHz HFW - Mkulu pafupipafupi welded chitoliro,> 70 kHz SAWL - Submerge-arc kuwotcherera kotalika kotalikirana SAWH - Submerge-arc kuwotcherera helical welded

Nkhani Yoyambira

Ingots, blooms, billets, coils kapena mbale zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitoliro ziyenera kupangidwa ndi njira zotsatirazi, mpweya wofunikira, ng'anjo yamagetsi kapena malo otseguka pamodzi ndi njira yoyeretsera ladle.Kwa PSL2, chitsulocho chimaphedwa ndikusungunuka molingana ndi kachitidwe kabwino kambewu.Koyilo kapena mbale zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chitoliro cha PSL2 sizikhala ndi zowotcherera.

Mapangidwe a Chemical a PSL 1 chitoliro chokhala ndi t ≤ 0.984 ″

Kalasi yachitsulo	Gawo lalikulu, % yotengera kutentha ndi kusanthula kwazinthu a,g
Kalasi yachitsulo	C max b	Mn max b	P max	S max	V max	Nb max	Ti max
Chitoliro Chopanda Msoko
A	0.22	0.90	0.30	0.30	-	-	-
B	0.28	1.20	0.30	0.30	c,d	c,d	d
x42	0.28	1.30	0.30	0.30	d	d	d
x46	0.28	1.40	0.30	0.30	d	d	d
X52	0.28	1.40	0.30	0.30	d	d	d
x56	0.28	1.40	0.30	0.30	d	d	d
X60	0.28 ndi	1.40 ndi	0.30	0.30	f	f	f
x65	0.28 ndi	1.40 ndi	0.30	0.30	f	f	f
X70	0.28 ndi	1.40 ndi	0.30	0.30	f	f	f
Welded Chitoliro
A	0.22	0.90	0.30	0.30	-	-	-
B	0.26	1.2	0.30	0.30	c,d	c,d	d
x42	0.26	1.3	0.30	0.30	d	d	d
x46	0.26	1.4	0.30	0.30	d	d	d
X52	0.26	1.4	0.30	0.30	d	d	d
x56	0.26	1.4	0.30	0.30	d	d	d
X60	0.26 ndi	1.40 ndi	0.30	0.30	f	f	f
x65	0.26 ndi	1.45 ndi	0.30	0.30	f	f	f
X70	0.26 ndi	1.65 ndi	0.30	0.30	f	f	f
Cu ≤ = 0,50% Ni;≤ 0.50%;Cr ≤ 0,50%;ndi Mo ≤ 0.15% Pakuchepetsa kulikonse kwa 0.01% pansi pa max otchulidwa.kuchuluka kwa carbon, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa 0.05% kuposa max otchulidwa.kukhazikika kwa Mn ndikololedwa, mpaka max.wa 1.65% kwa sukulu ≥ B, koma ≤ = X52;mpaka max.wa 1.75% kwa magiredi > X52, koma Pokhapokha ngati atagwirizana mwanjira ina NB + V ≤ 0.06% Nb + V + TI ≤ 0.15% Pokhapokha atagwirizana mwanjira ina. Pokhapokha ngati atagwirizana mwanjira ina, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15% Palibe kuwonjezera dala kwa B ndikololedwa ndipo B yotsalira ≤ 0.001%

Chemical Composition kwa PSL 2 chitoliro ndi t ≤ 0.984 ″

Kalasi yachitsulo	Gawo lalikulu, % kutengera kutentha ndi kusanthula kwazinthu																		Carbon Equiv a
	C max b		Si max		Mn max b		P max		S max		V max		Nb max		Ti max		Zina		CE IIW max		CE PCM max
Chitoliro Chopanda Msoko ndi Chowotcherera
BR	0.24		0.40		1.20		0.025		0.015		c		c		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
X42R	0.24		0.40		1.20		0.025		0.015		0.06		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
BN	0.24		0.40		1.20		0.025		0.015		c		c		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
X42N	0.24		0.40		1.20		0.025		0.015		0.06		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
X46N	0.24		0.40		1.40		0.025		0.015		0.07		0.05		0.04		d, ndi, l		.043		0.25
X52N	0.24		0.45		1.40		0.025		0.015		0.10		0.05		0.04		d, ndi, l		.043		0.25
X56N	0.24		0.45		1.40		0.025		0.015		0.10f		0.05		0.04		d, ndi, l		.043		0.25
X60N	0.24f		0.45f		1.40f		0.025		0.015		0.10f		0.05f		0.04f		g,h,l		Monga momwe anavomerezera
BQ	0.18		0.45		1.40		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
X42Q	0.18		0.45		1.40		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
X46Q	0.18		0.45		1.40		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
X52Q	0.18		0.45		1.50		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
X56Q	0.18		0.45f		1.50		0.025		0.015		0.07		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043		0.25
X60Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h, l		.043		0.25
X65Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h, l		.043		0.25
X70Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.80f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h, l		.043		0.25
X80Q	0.18f		0.45f		1.90f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		ndi, j		Monga momwe anavomerezera
X90Q	0.16f		0.45f		1.90		0.020		0.010		g		g		g		j ,k		Monga momwe anavomerezera
X100Q	0.16f		0.45f		1.90		0.020		0.010		g		g		g		j ,k		Monga momwe anavomerezera
Welded Chitoliro
BM		0.22		0.45		1.20		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043	0.25
X42M		0.22		0.45		1.30		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043	0.25
X46M		0.22		0.45		1.30		0.025		0.015		0.05		0.05		0.04		ndi, l		.043	0.25
X52M		0.22		0.45		1.40		0.025		0.015		d		d		d		ndi, l		.043	0.25
X56M		0.22		0.45f		1.40		0.025		0.015		d		d		d		ndi, l		.043	0.25
X60M		0.12f		0.45f		1.60f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h, l		.043	0.25
X65M		0.12f		0.45f		1.60f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h, l		.043	0.25
X70M		0.12f		0.45f		1.70f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		h, l		.043	0.25
X80M		0.12f		0.45f		1.85f		0.025		0.015		g		g		g		ndi, j		.043f	0.25
X90M		0.10		0.55f		2.10f		0.020		0.010		g		g		g		ndi, j		-	0.25
X100M		0.10		0.55f		2.10f		0.020		0.010		g		g		g		ndi, j		-	0.25
SMLS t> 0.787 ", malire a CE adzakhala monga momwe anavomerezera.Malire a CEIIW amagwiritsidwa ntchito fi C> 0.12% ndipo malire a CEPcm amagwira ntchito ngati C ≤ 0.12% Pakuchepetsa kulikonse kwa 0.01% pansi pa max otchulidwa.kuchuluka kwa carbon, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa 0.05% kuposa max otchulidwa.kukhazikika kwa Mn ndikololedwa, mpaka max.wa 1.65% kwa sukulu ≥ B, koma ≤ = X52;mpaka max.wa 1.75% kwa magiredi > X52, koma Pokhapokha ngati atagwirizana mwanjira ina Nb = V ≤ 0.06% Nb = V = Ti ≤ 0.15% Pokhapokha atagwirizana mwanjira ina, Cu ≤ 0.50%;Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% ndi Mo ≤ 0.15% Pokhapokha atagwirizana mwanjira ina Pokhapokha atagwirizana mwanjira ina, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15% Pokhapokha ngati atagwirizana, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% ndi MO ≤ 0.50% Pokhapokha ngati atagwirizana, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.50% ndi MO ≤ 0.50% B ≤ 0.004% Pokhapokha ngati atagwirizana, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.55% ndi MO ≤ 0.80% Pamagiredi onse a mapaipi a PSL 2 kupatula magiredi omwe ali ndi mawu am'munsi j, zotsatirazi zikugwira ntchito.Pokhapokha ngati atagwirizana mwanjira ina palibe kuwonjezera mwadala kwa B ndikololedwa ndi kutsalira B ≤ 0.001%.

Tensile and Yield - PSL1 ndi PSL2

Gulu la Pipe	Tensile Properties - Body Pipe of SMLS ndi Welded Pipes PSL 1			Msoko wa Welded Pipe
Gulu la Pipe	Zokolola Mphamvu a R_{t0, 5 ndi}PSI Min	Kulimba Kwamphamvu a Rm PSI Min	Elongation (mu 2mu Af % min)	Kulimba Kwamphamvu b Rm PSI Min
A	30,500	48,600	c	48,600
B	35,500	60,200	c	60,200
x42	42,100	60,200	c	60,200
x46	46,400	63,100	c	63,100
X52	52,200	66,700	c	66,700
x56	56,600	71,100	c	71,100
X60	60,200	75,400	c	75,400
x65	65,300	77,500	c	77,500
X70	70,300	82,700	c	82,700
a.Kwa giredi yapakatikati, kusiyana pakati pa mphamvu zochepera zomwe zatchulidwa ndi zokolola zochepa za thupi la chitoliro zizikhala monga zaperekedwa ku giredi yapamwamba yotsatira. b.Kwa magiredi apakatikati, mphamvu yocheperako yokhazikika ya seam yowotcherera ikhala yofanana ndi yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi thupi pogwiritsa ntchito cholembera phazi a. c.Kutalika kocheperako komwe kwatchulidwa, A_f,zosonyezedwa mu peresenti ndi kuzunguliridwa kufupi kwambiri peresenti, zidzatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito equation yotsatirayi: Pomwe C ndi 1 940 powerengera pogwiritsa ntchito ma Si units ndi 625 000 powerengera pogwiritsa ntchito ma USC A_xcndizoyenerachigawo choyezera pang'onopang'ono, chowonetsedwa mu masikweya mamilimita ( mainchesi mainchesi), motere - Pazigawo zoyeserera zozungulira, 130mm²(0.20 mu²) kwa 12.7 mm (0.500 mu) ndi 8.9 mm (.350 mu) zidutswa zoyesa m'mimba mwake;ndi 65mm²(0.10 mu²) kwa zidutswa zoyesa za 6.4 mm (0.250in). - Pazigawo zoyeserera zagawo lonse, zochepa za a) 485 mm²(0.75 mu²) ndi b) gawo la gawo lachiyeso, lomwe limachokera kumtunda wakunja womwe watchulidwa komanso makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro, ozungulira mpaka 10 mm.²(0.10 mu²) - Pa zidutswa zoyeserera, zochepa za a) 485 mm²(0.75 mu²) ndi b) gawo la gawo la gawo loyeserera, lotengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito m'lifupi mwake la chidutswa choyesera ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro, mozungulira mpaka 10 mm.²(0.10 mu²) U ndiye mphamvu yocheperako yokhazikika, yowonetsedwa mu megapascals (mapaundi pa inchi imodzi)

Gulu la Pipe	Tensile Properties - Pipe Body ya SMLS ndi Welded Pipes PSL 2						Msoko wa Welded Pipe
	Zokolola Mphamvu a R_{t0, 5 ndi}PSI Min		Kulimba Kwamphamvu a Rm PSI Min		Chiyerekezo a,c R_{10, 5}IR_m	Elongation (mu 2in) Af%	Mphamvu Zolimba d R_m(psi)
	Zochepa	Kuchuluka	Zochepa	Kuchuluka	Kuchuluka	Zochepa	Zochepa
BR, BN, BQ, BM	35,500	65,300	60,200	95,000	0.93	f	60,200
X42,X42R,X2Q,X42M	42,100	71,800	60,200	95,000	0.93	f	60,200
X46N,X46Q,X46M	46,400	76,100	63,100	95,000	0.93	f	63,100
X52N,X52Q,X52M	52,200	76,900	66,700	110,200	0.93	f	66,700
X56N,X56Q,X56M	56,600	79,000	71,100	110,200	0.93	f	71,100
X60N,X60Q,S60M	60,200	81,900	75,400	110,200	0.93	f	75,400
X65Q,X65M	65,300	87,000	77,600	110,200	0.93	f	76,600
X70Q,X65M	70,300	92,100	82,700	110,200	0.93	f	82,700
X80Q,X80M	80,500	102,300	90,600	119,700	0.93	f	90,600
a.Pamagiredi apakatikati, onetsani zonse za API5L. b.pa magiredi> X90 onetsani zonse za API5L. c.Malire awa amagwira ntchito pama pie okhala ndi D> 12.750 in d.Kwa magiredi apakatikati, mphamvu yocheperako yokhazikika ya msoko wowotcherera idzakhala yofanana ndi yomwe idatsimikiziridwa ndi thupi la chitoliro pogwiritsa ntchito phazi a. e.kwa chitoliro chomwe chimafuna kuyezetsa kwautali, mphamvu yochuluka yokolola idzakhala ≤ 71,800 psi f.Kutalika kocheperako komwe kwatchulidwa, A_f,zosonyezedwa mu peresenti ndi kuzunguliridwa kufupi kwambiri peresenti, zidzatsimikiziridwa pogwiritsa ntchito equation yotsatirayi: Pomwe C ndi 1 940 powerengera pogwiritsa ntchito ma Si units ndi 625 000 powerengera pogwiritsa ntchito ma USC A_xcndizoyenerachigawo choyezera pang'onopang'ono, chowonetsedwa mu masikweya mamilimita ( mainchesi mainchesi), motere - Pazigawo zoyeserera zozungulira, 130mm²(0.20 mu²) kwa 12.7 mm (0.500 mu) ndi 8.9 mm (.350 mu) zidutswa zoyesa m'mimba mwake;ndi 65mm²(0.10 mu²) kwa zidutswa zoyesa za 6.4 mm (0.250in). - Pazigawo zoyeserera zagawo lonse, zochepa za a) 485 mm²(0.75 mu²) ndi b) gawo la gawo lachiyeso, lomwe limachokera kumtunda wakunja womwe watchulidwa komanso makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro, ozungulira mpaka 10 mm.²(0.10 mu²) - Pa zidutswa zoyeserera, zochepa za a) 485 mm²(0.75 mu²) ndi b) gawo la gawo la gawo loyeserera, lotengedwa pogwiritsa ntchito m'lifupi mwake la chidutswa choyesera ndi makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro, mozungulira mpaka 10 mm.²(0.10 mu²) U ndiye mphamvu yokhazikika yocheperako, yowonetsedwa mu megapascals (mapaundi pa inchi imodzi g.Makhalidwe otsika a R_{10, 5}IR_mzitha kufotokozedwamwa mgwirizano h.pa magiredi> x90 onetsani zonse za API5L.

Kuyesedwa kwa Hydrostatic

Chitoliro chopirira kuyesedwa kwa hydrostatic popanda kutayikira kudzera mumsoko wowotcherera kapena thupi la chitoliro.Zolumikizira siziyenera kuyesedwa ndi hydrostatic kupereka magawo a mapaipi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito adayesedwa bwino.

Bend Test

Palibe ming'alu yomwe idzachitika pagawo lililonse lachiyeso ndipo palibe kutsegulidwa kwa weld kudzachitika.

Mayeso a Flattening

Njira zovomerezera zoyeserera za flattening ziyenera kukhala
a) EW mapaipi D<12.750 mu
-≥ X60 yokhala ndi T≥0.500in, sipadzakhala kutsegula kwa weld mtunda pakati pa mbale ukhale wosakwana 66% wa m'mimba mwake wakunja.Kwa magiredi onse ndi khoma, 50%.
-Pa chitoliro ndi D/t> 10, sipadzakhala kutsegula kwa kuwotcherera mtunda pakati pa mbale ndi zosakwana 30% ya awiri oyambirira kunja awiri.
b) Pama size ena onetsani zonse za API5L

Kuyesa kwamphamvu kwa CVN kwa PSL2

Mapaipi ambiri a PSL2 ndi magiredi amafuna CVN.Chitoliro chopanda msoko chiyenera kuyesedwa m'thupi.Chitoliro chowotcherera chiyenera kuyesedwa mu Thupi, Pipe Weld ndi malo okhudzidwa ndi kutentha (HAZ).Onani tsatanetsatane wathunthu wa API5L wa tchati cha makulidwe ndi magiredi ndi mphamvu zomwe zimafunikira.

Kulekerera Kunja Kwa Diameter, Kupanda kuzungulira ndi makulidwe a khoma

Kutchulidwa Kunja Kwa Diameter D (mu)	Kulekerera kwa Diameter, mainchesi d				Out-of-Roundness Tolerance mu
	Chitoliro kupatula mapeto a		Mapeto a chitoliro a,b,c		Chitoliro kupatula Mapeto a	Pipe End a,b,c
	Mtengo wa SMLS	Welded Chitoliro	Mtengo wa SMLS	Welded Chitoliro
<2.375	-0.031 kuti + 0.016		kuchokera 0.031 mpaka + 0.016		0.048	0.036
≥2.375 mpaka 6.625	+/- 0.0075D		kuchokera 0.016 mpaka +0.063		0.020D pa Mwa mgwirizano wa	0.015D pa Mwa mgwirizano wa
> 6.625 mpaka 24.000	+/- 0.0075D	+/- 0.0075D, koma kuchuluka kwa 0.125	+/- 0.005D, koma kuchuluka kwa 0.063		0.020D	0.015D
> 24 mpaka 56	+/- 0.01D	+/- 0.005D koma kuchuluka kwa 0.160	+/- 0.079	+/- 0.063	0.015D koma osapitirira 0.060 Za Mwa pangano za	0.01D koma osapitirira 0.500 Za Mwa pangano za
> 56	Monga momwe anavomerezera
Kumapeto kwa chitoliro kumaphatikizapo kutalika kwa 4 mu adadya malekezero a chitoliro chilichonse Kwa chitoliro cha SMLS kulolerana kumagwira ntchito t≤0.984in ndipo kulolera kwa chitoliro chokulirapo kudzakhala monga momwe anavomerezera. Kwa chitoliro chokulitsidwa ndi D≥8.625in komanso chitoliro chosakulidwa, kulolerana kwapakati ndi kulolerana kwakunja kungadziwike pogwiritsa ntchito mainchesi owerengeka kapena kuyeza m'mimba mwake osati OD yotchulidwa. Kuti mudziwe kutsata kulekerera kwapakati, kutalika kwa chitoliro kumatanthauzidwa ngati circumference ya chitoliro mu ndege iliyonse yozungulira yogawidwa ndi Pi.

Khoma makulidwe t inchi	Kulekerera a mainchesi
SMLS chitoliro b
≤ 0.157	+ 0.024 / – 0.020
Kuchokera ku 0.157 mpaka 0.948	+ 0.150t / - 0.125t
≥ 0.984	+ 0.146 kapena + 0.1t, chomwe chili chachikulu - 0.120 kapena - 0.1t, chomwe chili chachikulu
Welded chitoliro c,d
≤ 0.197	+/- 0.020
Kuchokera ku 0.197 mpaka 0.591	+/- 0.1t
≥ 0.591	+/- 0.060
Ngati zogulira zikuwonetsa kulekerera kwa minus kwa makulidwe a khoma kucheperako mtengo womwe waperekedwa patebuloli, kulolerana kowonjezera kwa makulidwe a khoma kudzawonjezedwa ndi kuchuluka kokwanira kuti mupitirizebe kupirira. Kwa chitoliro chokhala ndi D≥ 14.000 mkati ndi t≥0.984in, kulolerana kwa makulidwe a khoma kwanuko kumatha kupitilira kulekerera kwa makulidwe a khoma ndi 0.05t yowonjezera malinga ngati kulekerera kowonjezera kwa misa sikudutsa. The kuphatikiza kulolerana kwa khoma thickens si ntchito ku weld dera Onani zonse za API5L kuti mumve zambiri