Mapazi ambiri owalandira

Yambitsitsani:

Kukhazikitsa mapangidwe ndi mafakitale,Mapaipi ang'onoang'onoYesetsani kukhala ndi gawo lofunikira popereka mphamvu, kukhazikika komanso kusiyanasiyana. Mapaipi awa ndi otsutsa m'minda yosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo magetsi oyendetsa mafuta, masisi, ntchito zamadzi ndi ntchito zomanga. Mapaipi owala kwambiri apanga zopereka zazikulu pakukula ndi kupita patsogolo kwa gulu kuzungulira dziko lapansi ndi mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri komanso ntchito yodalirika.

1. Chisinthiko cha mapaipi owala kwambiri:

Pupe lalikulu-mainchesi wafika nthawi yayitali mu zida, kupanga ndi kupanga tekinoloji yopanga zaka zambiri. Poyamba, ziphuphu zachikhalidwe zopangidwa ndi mitengo, dongo kapena chitsulo chinagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, pamene ukadaulo unapita patsogolo, zitsulo zinakhala chinthu chabwino m'mapaipi akuluakulu kwambiri chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zazikulu kwambiri ndi kukana. Masiku ano, ziphuphu zazikuluzikulu zokhala ndi chitsulo zozizwitsa zimalamulira msika, ndikuonetsetsa njira zokhazikika zothandizirana ndi nyengo yayitali.

2. Mphamvu zopanda mphamvu ndi zolimba:

Mainchesi ikuluikuluchitoliro chowalaimadziwika chifukwa champhamvu ndi kukhazikika kwake. Mapaipi awa amapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri kuti muthe kuthana ndi zovuta zakunja komanso kupsinjika kwamkati. Kulumikizana kowvera kumawonjezera umphumphu wa chitoliro cha chitolirocho, kuloleza kupirira zinthu zowopsa monga kutentha kwambiri monga kutentha kwambiri, katundu wolemera, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, mapaipi owoneka bwino kwambiri amapereka mapaipi odalirika komanso otetezeka poyendetsa madzi, mipweya ndi zida zapafupi.

3.

Mapaipi owala kwambiri amapezeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'minda yosiyanasiyana yamafakitale. Mu malonda ndi gasi, mapaipi awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ponyamula mafuta osadukiza, mpweya wachilengedwe, ndikuyeza zinthu zosiyanitsa ma petroleum. Momwemonso, m'madzi, machitidwe amadzi, mapieno owala kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito populumutsa madzi akumwa, kuonetsetsa malo osalekeza ku mizinda ndi kumidzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mapaipi awa ndi ovuta kwambiri pantchito zomangamanga, kuphatikiza nyumba zokwera kwambiri, milatho, ndi ngalande zapansi pa pansi, ndikuwalimbikitsa ndi kukhazikika.

4. Ubwino wachuma ndi chilengedwe:

Mapaipi ambiri owalandira amabweretsa zabwino zambiri zachuma komanso anthu. Chifukwa cha moyo wawo wautali ndi kukonza zochepa, mapaipi awa akuwonetsetsa kuti ndalama zolipirira nthawi yayitali. Mapaipi ophatikizika amathandiziranso kukhala ndi chilengedwe pochepetsa kumasulidwa kwa zinthu zowopsa, kupewa kuipitsidwa kwa dothi, ndikuthandizira njira zina zoyendera.

5. Chitsimikizo Chachikhalidwe ndi Miyezo Padziko Lonse:

Kupanga kwa mapaipi owala kwambiri kumatsatira miyezo yapamwamba yokhazikika ndi malamulo otsimikizira kudalirika ndi chitetezo. Opanga amagwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba zoyendera, kuphatikizapo kuyesedwa kwa akupanga, radiography ndi kukonzekera kwa mphamvu, kuti awone umpo umphumphu ndi kulimba. Imagwirizana ndi miyezo yosiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi monga Apil Petroleum Institute (API) ndi American Society of National Societion yoyesedwa ndi zida (anyezi), ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mapaipi apamwamba kwambiri.

Pomaliza:

Chitoliro chachikulu kwambiri cha mainheya chimasinthira gawo lokhalamo, ndikupereka mphamvu yosagonjera, kukhazikika komanso kusinthasintha. Kuchokera kunyamula mphamvu zofunika kwambiri popititsa patsogolo mafakitale amagetsi, ziphuphu izi ndizofunikira m'mafakitale ambiri. Ndi mtundu wake wapamwamba komanso kutsatira miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi, mapaipi owala kwambiri amapereka maziko odalirika a chitukuko ndi kukula kwachuma, ndikuonetsetsa tsogolo labwino pamagulu padziko lonse lapansi.