Mphamvu ya Chitoliro Chosemedwa Kawiri mu Ntchito Zamakampani

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

Mu dziko la mapaipi a mafakitale, kusankha zinthu ndi njira zomangira zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazikulu pa magwiridwe antchito onse komanso moyo wautali wa dongosololi. Njira imodzi yomwe imadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake komanso kulimba kwake ndikugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi olumikizidwa kawiri. Mapaipi awa adapangidwa kuti athe kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu, kutentha kwambiri komanso nyengo zovuta zachilengedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri pantchito zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale.

Tumizani imelo kwa ife

Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda

Ma tag a Zamalonda

Mapaipi awiri olumikizidwaAmapangidwa ndi ma weld awiri odziyimira pawokha kuti apange kulumikizana kolimba komanso kodalirika pakati pa magawo a mapaipi. Njira yowotcherera kawiri iyi imatsimikizira kuti chitolirocho chikhoza kupirira kupsinjika ndi kupsinjika komwe kungakumane nako panthawi yogwira ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chisankho chodalirika pakugwiritsa ntchito kofunikira komwe kulephera si njira ina.

Chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa mapaipi olumikizidwa kawiri ndi kuthekera kwawo kuthana ndi malo opanikizika kwambiri. Njira yolumikizira kawiri imapanga kulumikizana kosasunthika komanso kolimba pakati pa magawo a mapaipi, kuonetsetsa kuti amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwamkati popanda chiopsezo cha kutuluka kapena kulephera. Izi zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito monga mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi, komwe kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo la mapaipi ndikofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito.

Gome 2 Katundu Waukulu Wachilengedwe ndi Wamankhwala a Mapaipi Achitsulo (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 ndi API Spec 5L)
Muyezo	Kalasi yachitsulo	Zinthu Zamankhwala (%)						Katundu Wolimba						Mayeso a Charpy (V notch) Impact
		c	Mn	p	s	Si	Zina	Mphamvu Yopereka (Mpa)		Mphamvu Yokoka (Mpa)		（L0=5.65 √ S0）Mphindi Yotambasula （%）
		kuchuluka	kuchuluka	kuchuluka	kuchuluka	kuchuluka	Zina	mphindi	kuchuluka	mphindi	kuchuluka	D ≤ 168.33mm	D ＞ 168.3mm
GB/T3091 -2008	Q215A	≤ 0.15	0.25 ＜ 1.20	0.045	0.050	0.35	Kuwonjezera NbVTi mogwirizana ndi GB/T1591-94	215		335		15	> 31
	Q215B	≤ 0.15	0.25-0.55	0.045	0.045	0.035		215		335		15	> 31
	Q235A	≤ 0.22	0.30 ＜ 0.65	0.045	0.050	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q235B	≤ 0.20	0.30 ≤ 1.80	0.045	0.045	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q295A	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.045	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q295B	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.040	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q345A	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.045	0.55		345		510		13	>21
	Q345B	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.040	0.55		345		510		13	>21
GB/T9711-2011（PSL1）	L175	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Ngati mukufuna kuwonjezera chimodzi mwa zinthu za NbVTi kapena kuphatikiza kulikonse kwa izo	175		310		27		Chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa zizindikiro za kulimba kwa mphamvu ya impact ndi malo odulira zingasankhidwe. Pa L555, onani muyezo.
	L210	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			210		335		25
	L245	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			245		415		21
	L290	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		415		21
	L320	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			320		435		20
	L360	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			360		460		19
	L390	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			390		390		18
	L415	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			415		520		17
	L450	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			450		535		17
	L485	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			485		570		16
API 5L (PSL 1)	A25	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Pa chitsulo cha giredi B, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; pa chitsulo ≥ giredi B, kuwonjezera Nb kapena V kapena kuphatikiza kwawo, ndi Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15%	172		310		（L0=50.8mm）kuti ziwerengedwe motsatira njira iyi:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 .0 A: Dera la chitsanzo mu mm2 U: Mphamvu yochepa yokhazikika mu Mpa		Palibe mphamvu iliyonse kapena zonse ziwiri zomwe zimafunika pa mphamvu yokhudza kuuma kwa chitoliro ndi malo odulira ubweya.
	A	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			207		331
	B	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			241		414
	X42	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		414
	X46	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			317		434
	X52	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			359		455
	X56	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			386		490
	X60	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			414		517
	X65	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			448		531
	X70	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			483		565

Kuwonjezera pa mphamvu yake, chitoliro cholumikizidwa kawiri chimathanso kupirira kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chikhale choyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale. Kaya chikunyamula madzi otentha kapena mpweya, kapena chikugwira ntchito m'malo omwe kutentha kumasinthasintha, chitoliro cholumikizidwa kawiri chimasunga kapangidwe kake ndi magwiridwe antchito ake, kuonetsetsa kuti chikugwira ntchito modalirika ngakhale m'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, kulimba kwa chitoliro cholumikizidwa kawiri kumapangitsa kuti chikhale chisankho chotsika mtengo kwambiri pa ntchito zamafakitale. Kutha kwawo kupirira kuwonongeka, dzimbiri ndi mitundu ina ya kuwonongeka kumatanthauza kuti amafunikira kukonza pang'ono ndikusintha, zomwe zimachepetsa ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchito komanso nthawi yogwira ntchito.

Ponseponse, kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro cholumikizidwa kawiri kumapereka zabwino zambiri pamafakitale, kuphatikizapo mphamvu, kulimba komanso kudalirika. Kutha kwawo kuthana ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu, kutentha kwambiri komanso nyengo yovuta kumapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri pamafakitale osiyanasiyana kuyambira mafuta ndi gasi mpaka kukonza mankhwala. Ndi ntchito yake yotsimikizika komanso mbiri ya moyo wake, chitoliro cholumikizidwa kawiri ndi chuma chamtengo wapatali pamakina aliwonse opangira mapaipi amafakitale.