Kulimba kwa Chitoliro Chowirikiza Pawiri mu Ntchito Zamakampani

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

M'dziko la mapaipi a mafakitale, zosankha zakuthupi ndi njira zomangira zimatha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu pakugwira ntchito konse komanso moyo wautali wadongosolo. Njira imodzi yomwe imadziwika chifukwa cha mphamvu zake komanso kulimba kwake ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro chowirikiza kawiri. Mapaipiwa amapangidwa kuti athe kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu, kutentha kwambiri komanso zovuta zachilengedwe, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamakampani.

Titumizireni imelo

Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda

Zogulitsa Tags

Pawiri welded mapaipiamamangidwa ndi ma welds awiri odziimira kuti apange mgwirizano wamphamvu ndi wodalirika pakati pa zigawo za chitoliro. Njira yowotcherera iwiriyi imatsimikizira kuti chitolirocho chikhoza kupirira zovuta ndi zovuta zomwe zingakumane nazo panthawi yogwira ntchito, ndikuzipanga kukhala chisankho chodalirika cha ntchito zovuta pamene kulephera sikungatheke.

Mmodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa mipope iwiri yowotcherera ndi kuthekera kwawo kuthana ndi malo othamanga kwambiri. Njira yowotcherera pawiri imapanga mgwirizano wosasunthika komanso wamphamvu pakati pa zigawo za chitoliro, kuonetsetsa kuti zingathe kupirira zovuta zamkati popanda chiopsezo cha kutulutsa kapena kulephera. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ntchito monga mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi, pomwe kukhulupirika kwa dongosolo la mapaipi ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chitetezo komanso magwiridwe antchito.

Table 2 Main Physical and Chemical Properties of Steel Pipes (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 ndi API Spec 5L)
Standard	Gulu lachitsulo	Zamankhwala (%)						Tensile Property						Charpy (V notch) Impact Test
		c	Mn	p	s	Si	Zina	Yield Strength (Mpa)		Mphamvu Yamphamvu (Mpa)		(L0 = 5.65 √ S0 (mphindi Wotambasula) (%)
		max	max	max	max	max	Zina	min	max	min	max	D ≤ 168.33mm	D ＞ 168.3mm
GB/T3091 -2008	Q215A	≤ 0.15	0.25 ＜ 1.20	0.045	0.050	0.35	Kuwonjezera NbVTi malinga ndi GB/T1591-94	215		335		15	> 31
	Q215B	≤ 0.15	0.25-0.55	0.045	0.045	0.035		215		335		15	> 31
	Q235A	≤ 0.22	0.30 ＜ 0.65	0.045	0.050	0.035		235		375		15	> 26
	Q235B	≤ 0.20	0.30 ≤ 1.80	0.045	0.045	0.035		235		375		15	> 26
	Q295A	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.045	0.55		295		390		13	> 23
	Q295B	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.040	0.55		295		390		13	> 23
	Q345A	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.045	0.55		345		510		13	> 21
	Q345B	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.040	0.55		345		510		13	> 21
GB/T9711-2011 (PSL1)	L175	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Mwasankha kuwonjezera chimodzi mwazinthu za NbVTi kapena kuphatikiza kulikonse	175		310		27		Chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwazowonetsa mphamvu zamphamvu ndi malo ometa zitha kusankhidwa. Kwa L555, onani muyezo.
	L210	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			210		335		25
	L245	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			245		415		21
	L290	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		415		21
	L320	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			320		435		20
	L360	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			360		460		19
	L390	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			390		390		18
	L415	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			415		520		17
	L450	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			450		535		17
	L485	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			485		570		16
API 5L (PSL 1)	A25	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Kwa kalasi B chitsulo, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; zitsulo ≥ kalasi B, kusankha kuwonjezera Nb kapena V kapena kuphatikiza kwawo, ndi Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15%	172		310		(L0 = 50.8mm) kuti iwerengedwe motsatira ndondomeko iyi: e=1944·A0 .2/U0 .0 A: Dera lachitsanzo mu mm2 U: Mphamvu zochepa zotchulidwa mu Mpa		Palibe kapena chilichonse kapena zonse ziwiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi gawo lometa zomwe zimafunikira ngati muyeso wolimba.
	A	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			207		331
	B	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			241		414
	X42	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		414
	x46	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			317		434
	X52	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			359		455
	x56	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			386		490
	X60	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			414		517
	x65	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			448		531
	X70	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			483		565

Kuwonjezera mphamvu zake, pawiri welded chitoliro amathanso kupirira kutentha kwambiri, kupanga izo oyenera njira zosiyanasiyana mafakitale. Kaya kunyamula madzi otentha kapena mpweya, kapena ntchito m'madera ndi kusinthasintha kutentha, pawiri welded chitoliro amasunga umphumphu wake structural ndi ntchito, kuonetsetsa ntchito yodalirika ngakhale zinthu zovuta kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, kulimba kwa chitoliro chowotcherera pawiri kumapangitsa kukhala chisankho chotsika mtengo pantchito zamakampani. Kukhoza kwawo kupirira kuvala, dzimbiri ndi mitundu ina ya kuwonongeka kumatanthauza kuti amafunikira chisamaliro chochepa ndi kusinthidwa, kuchepetsa ndalama zonse zogwirira ntchito ndi nthawi yopuma.

Ponseponse, kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro chowotcherera pawiri kumapereka maubwino angapo pamafakitale, kuphatikiza mphamvu, kulimba komanso kudalirika. Kukhoza kwawo kuthana ndi zovuta zambiri, kutentha kwakukulu komanso zovuta zachilengedwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwa mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuchokera ku mafuta ndi gasi kupita ku mankhwala. Ndi ntchito yake yotsimikiziridwa ndi mbiri ya moyo wautumiki, chitoliro chowirikiza kawiri ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali ku dongosolo lililonse la mafakitale.