Mapaipi Ogwira Ntchito Bwino - Mapaipi Achitsulo Osefedwa ndi Spiral

Mapaipi Ogwira Ntchito Bwino - Mapaipi Achitsulo Osefedwa Ozungulira Chithunzi Chowonetsedwa

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

Mapaipi achitsulo olumikizidwa mozungulira ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga ndi kusamalirachitoliro cha madzi otayirasChifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kolimba komanso kulimba kwambiri, mapaipi awa amapanga maziko a zomangamanga zoyendetsera zinyalala ndi madzi otayira zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino komanso modalirika.

Tumizani imelo kwa ife

Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda

Ma tag a Zamalonda

Njira yopangiramapaipi achitsulo ozungulira olumikizidwaZimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera kupanga tizitsulo tachitsulo kukhala mawonekedwe ozungulira kenako n’kuzilumikiza pamodzi kuti apange chitoliro cholimba. Njirayi imapanga mapaipi amphamvu komanso odalirika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale abwino kwambiri pokwaniritsa zofunikira za mapaipi a zimbudzi.

M'mimba mwake wakunja mwadzina		Makulidwe a Khoma Odziyimira Payekha (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Kulemera Pa Utali wa Unit (kg/m2)
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(2845.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Chimodzi mwa ubwino waukulu wa chitoliro chachitsulo cholumikizidwa ndi spiral ndi kuthekera kwake kupirira kupsinjika kwakukulu kwamkati ndi kunja. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri ponyamula zinyalala ndi madzi otayira, chifukwa mapaipi amakhala ndi kupanikizika kosalekeza ndi kuyenda. Kuphatikiza apo, pamwamba pa mapaipi awa pamakhala kosalala kumapangitsa kuti madzi aziyenda bwino, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kutsekeka ndi zopinga mkati mwa chitolirocho.dongosolo la chingwe cha mapaipi.

Kuphatikiza apo, mapaipi achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi spiral ali ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi zinthu zina zachilengedwe. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi pomwe mapaipi amakumana ndi zinthu zowononga komanso zinthu zamphamvu. Kulimba kwa mapaipi awa kumatsimikizira kuti amakhala nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimachepetsa kufunikira kosintha ndi kukonza pafupipafupi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ogwiritsa ntchito zimbudzi asamawononge ndalama zambiri.

Kuwonjezera pa kulimba ndi kukana, chitoliro chachitsulo cholumikizidwa ndi spiral ndi chosinthika kwambiri ndipo chingasinthidwe kuti chikwaniritse zofunikira zinazake za polojekiti. Chimapezeka m'makulidwe ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale kusinthasintha kwa kapangidwe ndi kuyika. Kaya ndi ntchito yaying'ono yokonzanso kapena kukulitsa kwakukulu kwa njira zotayira madzi, mapaipi awa akhoza kusinthidwa kuti akwaniritse zosowa zapadera za ntchitoyo.

Kukhazikitsa bwino chitoliro cholumikizidwa ndi spiral kumathandizanso kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a mapaipi anu a sewer. Ndi kapangidwe kake kopepuka komanso kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, mapaipi awa amatha kuyikidwa mwachangu komanso mosamala, zomwe zimachepetsa nthawi yomanga ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Izi ndizothandiza makamaka m'mizinda komwe malo ndi nthawi zimakhala zochepa.

Kuphatikiza apo, ma weld osalala komanso ofanana a mapaipi olumikizidwa mozungulira amaonetsetsa kuti palibe kutayikira kwa madzi, kupewa kutayika kwa zinyalala zamtengo wapatali ndi madzi otayira, komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe. Kudalirika kumeneku ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti dongosolo la zinyalala likhale lolimba komanso kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akuyenda bwino komanso moyenera.

Pamene kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo ndi zipangizo zikupitilira kuyambitsa zatsopano mumakampani omanga, chitoliro chachitsulo cholumikizidwa mozungulira chikadali chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga ndi kukonza mapaipi a zimbudzi. Kugwira ntchito kwawo kotsimikizika, kulimba kwawo komanso kusinthasintha kwawo kumapangitsa kuti akhale chisankho chofunikira kwambiri kwa mainjiniya ndi opanga mapulani omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga zomangamanga zokhazikika komanso zolimba.

Mwachidule, kugwiritsa ntchito mapaipi achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi spiral welded kumathandiza kupanga njira yolimba komanso yothandiza yolumikizira mapaipi amadzimadzi. Mphamvu zawo zapadera, kulimba komanso kukana dzimbiri, kuphatikiza kusinthasintha kwawo komanso kusavuta kuyika, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri ponyamula zinyalala ndi madzi otayira. Pamene kufunikira kwa zomangamanga zodalirika komanso zokhazikika za madzi otayira kukupitilira kukula, mapaipi achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi spiral welded apitilizabe kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukwaniritsa zosowa zofunika izi.