Mizere ya Gasi ya Pansi pa Dziko - Chitoliro cha Chitsulo cha X65 SSAW
Chitoliro cholumikizidwa ndi arc chozungulira ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa uinjiniya wopereka madzi, mafakitale a petrochemical, makampani opanga mankhwala, makampani opanga magetsi, ulimi wothirira, komanso zomangamanga m'mizinda. Kusinthasintha kwake komanso kudalirika kwake kwapangitsa kuti chikhale chimodzi mwa zinthu makumi awiri zofunika kwambiri zomwe zapangidwa mdziko lathu, zomwe zikuwonetsa kufunika kwake komanso momwe chimakhudzira mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Chitoliro chachitsulo cha SSAWYapangidwa mwapadera kuti inyamule zakumwa ndipo ndi yoyenera kwambiri pamakina operekera madzi ndi madzi otayira madzi. Kapangidwe kake kolimba kamapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi amasamutsidwa bwino komanso modalirika. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi yoyeneranso kunyamula mpweya monga gasi wa malasha, nthunzi, ndi gasi wamafuta osungunuka. Mphamvu yake yolimba komanso kukana dzimbiri kumatsimikizira kuti mpweya umatumizidwa bwino komanso motetezeka komanso mogwira mtima ndipo ikukwaniritsa zofunikira kwambiri pamakina operekera mpweya.
| Katundu Waukulu Wachilengedwe ndi Wamankhwala a Mapaipi Achitsulo (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 ndi API Spec 5L) | ||||||||||||||
| Muyezo | Kalasi yachitsulo | Zinthu Zamankhwala (%) | Katundu Wolimba | Mayeso a Charpy (V notch) Impact | ||||||||||
| c | Mn | p | s | Si | Zina | Mphamvu Yopereka (Mpa) | Mphamvu Yokoka (Mpa) | (L0=5.65 √ S0)Mphindi Yotambasula (%) | ||||||
| kuchuluka | kuchuluka | kuchuluka | kuchuluka | kuchuluka | mphindi | kuchuluka | mphindi | kuchuluka | D ≤ 168.33mm | D > 168.3mm | ||||
| GB/T3091 -2008 | Q215A | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25 < 1.20 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.35 | Kuwonjezera Nb\V\Ti motsatira GB/T1591-94 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||
| Q215B | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25-0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||||
| Q235A | ≤ 0.22 | 0.30 < 0.65 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
| Q235B | ≤ 0.20 | 0.30 ≤ 1.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
| Q295A | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
| Q295B | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
| Q345A | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
| Q345B | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
| GB/T9711-2011(PSL1) | L175 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Ngati mukufuna kuwonjezera chimodzi mwa zinthu za Nb\V\Ti kapena kuphatikiza kulikonse kwa izo | 175 | 310 | 27 | Chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa zizindikiro za kulimba kwa mphamvu ya impact ndi malo odulira zingasankhidwe. Pa L555, onani muyezo. | ||||
| L210 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 210 | 335 | 25 | |||||||
| L245 | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 245 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
| L290 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
| L320 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 320 | 435 | 20 | |||||||
| L360 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 360 | 460 | 19 | |||||||
| L390 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 390 | 390 | 18 | |||||||
| L415 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 415 | 520 | 17 | |||||||
| L450 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 450 | 535 | 17 | |||||||
| L485 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 485 | 570 | 16 | |||||||
| API 5L (PSL 1) | A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Pa chitsulo cha giredi B, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; pa chitsulo ≥ giredi B, kuwonjezera Nb kapena V kapena kuphatikiza kwawo, ndi Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15% | 172 | 310 | (L0=50.8mm)kuti ziwerengedwe motsatira njira iyi:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 .0 A: Dera la chitsanzo mu mm2 U: Mphamvu yochepa yokhazikika mu Mpa | Palibe mphamvu iliyonse kapena zonse ziwiri zomwe zimafunika pa mphamvu yokhudza kuuma kwa chitoliro ndi malo odulira ubweya. | ||||
| A | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 207 | 331 | ||||||||
| B | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 241 | 414 | ||||||||
| X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 414 | ||||||||
| X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 317 | 434 | ||||||||
| X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 359 | 455 | ||||||||
| X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 386 | 490 | ||||||||
| X60 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 414 | 517 | ||||||||
| X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 448 | 531 | ||||||||
| X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 483 | 565 | ||||||||
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi athu achitsulo ozungulira omwe ali ndi arc welded ndimzere wa mafuta pansi pa nthakaNdi khalidwe lake lapamwamba komanso magwiridwe antchito, ndi chisankho choyamba chomanga maukonde odalirika komanso otetezeka oyendera gasi wachilengedwe.
Chitoliro cha mzere wa X65 SSAWYapangidwa ndi zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri zomwe zimaonetsetsa kuti ndi yolimba komanso yolimba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pofunikira mphamvu yayikulu komanso kukana zinthu zachilengedwe. Kuyenerera kwake kuyika pansi pa nthaka kukuwonetsanso kapangidwe kake kolimba komanso kuthekera kopirira zovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yankho losankhidwa bwino pamapulojekiti a mapaipi a gasi pansi pa nthaka.
Monga chinthu chodalirika komanso chotsimikizika, mapaipi athu achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi arc omwe amazungulira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi mapulojekiti a zomangamanga chifukwa cha magwiridwe antchito awo apamwamba, kulimba komanso kudalirika. Kapangidwe kake kapamwamba kamapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho choyamba pamachitidwe oyendera madzi ndi gasi, makamaka m'mizere ya gasi yapansi panthaka komwe chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Mwachidule, chitoliro chachitsulo cholumikizidwa ndi arc chozungulira ndi chinthu chabwino kwambiri chopangidwa kuti chikwaniritse zosowa zosiyanasiyana za njira zotumizira madzi ndi gasi. Chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake komanso kudalirika kwake, chakhala gawo lalikulu m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana ndi mapulojekiti omanga, makamaka mzere wa gasi pansi pa nthaka. Ubwino wake wapadera komanso magwiridwe antchito ake zimapangitsa kuti chikhale chuma chamtengo wapatali pakutsimikizira netiweki yoyendera gasi yogwira ntchito bwino komanso yotetezeka. Khulupirirani kudalirika ndi magwiridwe antchito a mapaipi athu achitsulo olumikizidwa ndi arc chozungulira kuti mukwaniritse zosowa zanu zonse zoyendera madzi ndi gasi.








