Kumvetsetsa Kufunika Kowotcherera Mapaipi Oyenera Papaipi Yachitsulo Yozungulira Yomwe Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamizere Yapansi Pansi

Kumvetsetsa Kufunika Kowotcherera Mapaipi Moyenera Papaipi Yachitsulo Yozungulira Yogwiritsidwa Ntchito Pamizere Yapansi Pansi Pansi

Kufotokozera Kwachidule:

Mukayika mizere yamadzi apansi panthaka, kugwiritsa ntchito chitoliro chapamwamba ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kukhazikika kwanthawi yayitali komanso kukana zinthu zachilengedwe.Mtundu umodzi wa chitoliro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mizere yamadzi apansi panthaka ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira.Komabe, kungogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi apamwamba sikokwanira kutsimikizira moyo wautali wa mipope yanu yamadzi.Njira zoyenera zowotcherera zitoliro ndizofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti mipope yachitsulo yozungulira imatha kupirira zovuta zapansi panthaka ndikupereka madzi odalirika.

Titumizireni imelo

Tsatanetsatane wa Zamalonda

Zolemba Zamalonda

Mipope yachitsulo yozunguliraamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mapaipi amadzi apansi panthaka chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zazikulu komanso kuthekera kolimbana ndi kuthamanga kwakunja.Mapaipiwa amapangidwa kuchokera ku timizere tozungulira tachitsulo tomwe timapanga mozungulira.Njira yowotcherera yozungulira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipiwa imapereka mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ntchito zapansi panthaka.

Nominal Outer Diameter		Kuchuluka kwa Khoma Mwadzina (mm)
mm inu		6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm inu		Kulemera Pa Utali Wa Unit (kg/m)
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(2845.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Zindikirani:

1.Zomwe ziliponso ndi mapaipi achitsulo omwe ali m'mimba mwake mwadzina ndi makulidwe a khoma lodziwika pakati pa makulidwe awo oyandikana omwe adalembedwa patebulo, koma mgwirizano usainidwa.

2. Ma diameter akunja akunja m'mabulaketi patebulo ndi ma diameter osungidwa.

Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zozungulirachitoliro cha mizere ya madzi apansi panthakandi njira zowotcherera zoyenera.Kuwotcherera ndi njira yolumikizira mbali ziwiri zachitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito kutentha ndi kukakamiza.Pakuti mapaipi apansi panthaka, kuwotcherera khalidwe mwachindunji zimakhudza umphumphu wonse ndi kudalirika kwa payipi.

Zoyeneranjira kuwotcherera mapaipikwa ozungulira zitsulo chitoliro kumafuna njira zingapo zofunika.Choyamba, pamwamba pa chitoliro chowotcherera chiyenera kukhala choyera komanso chopanda zodetsa zilizonse monga dothi, mafuta, kapena utoto.Izi zimatsimikizira kuti weld ndi wamphamvu komanso wopanda zonyansa zomwe zingasokoneze mphamvu zake.

Kenako, magawo owotcherera monga kulowetsa kutentha, liwiro la kuwotcherera, ndi njira ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti akwaniritse ma weld apamwamba kwambiri.Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowotcherera moyenera ndikofunikira kuti mupewe zolakwika monga porosity, ming'alu, kapena kusowa kwa kuphatikizika, zomwe zingasokoneze kukhulupirika kwa weld.

Kuphatikiza apo, njira zoyenera zotenthetsera ndi kutentha pambuyo pa weld ndizofunikira kwambiri paipi yachitsulo yozungulira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizere yamadzi apansi panthaka.Kutentha kwa preheating kumathandizira kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha kusweka ndikuwongolera mtundu wa weld, pomwe kutentha kwa pambuyo pa weld kumachepetsa kupsinjika kotsalira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono ang'onoang'ono azitha kudera lonselo.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje apamwamba owotcherera monga njira zowotcherera zokha komanso kuyesa kosawononga kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kudalirika komanso kudalirika kwa kuwotcherera.Ukadaulo uwu umathandizira kuwonetsetsa kuti zolumikizira zowotcherera zimakwaniritsa mphamvu zofunikira komanso miyezo yabwino kuti apereke mtendere wamalingaliro pakuchita kwanthawi yayitali kwa mizere yamadzi apansi panthaka.

Mwachidule, njira zoyenera zowotcherera mapaipi ndizofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kukhulupirika ndi moyo wautali wa chitoliro chachitsulo chozungulira chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizere yamadzi apansi panthaka.Potsatira zofunikira kuwotcherera magawo, njira ndi miyeso kulamulira khalidwe, chiopsezo kuwotcherera zilema ndi zolephera akhoza kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.Chotsatira chake ndi mzere wodalirika komanso wodalirika wamadzi apansi omwe amatha kupirira mayesero a nthawi ndikupereka ntchito zoperekera madzi zotetezeka komanso zogwira mtima.Kwa mizere yamadzi apansi panthaka, kuyika ndalama mu pulogalamu yowotcherera yoyenera ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kudalirika komanso moyo wautali wapaipi.

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